Search results for "Modern philosophy"

The Bachelardian Tradition in the Philosophy of Science

2005

To present either Bachelard's epistemology or philosophy of science means, in some ways, to undertake the characterization of an original philosophical approach, one that perhaps begins with August...

Fichte's and Husserl's critique of Kant's transcendental deduction

1985

The specific topic of this chapter is the difference between the attempt in speculative and dialectical thinking on the one hand, and transcendental phenomenology on the other, to solve the enigmas presented by Kant’s transcendental deduction. The thesis is that they are diametrically opposed. The main concern is systematic and not philological-historical. That means, among other things, that the well-known fact that Husserl has a certain preference for the deduction in edition A and that Fichte refers mostly to edition B will not be corroborated in an interpreting of all the passages in both in which they refer to the deduction. What is at stake is a general systematic and theoretical expl…

Will in Early Modern Philosophy

2013

Early modern philosophy inherited from the Middle Ages various very elaborate concepts of the will. It seems that little philosophical depth was added to the analyses of these concepts during this period. Rather, it is characteristic of the early modern discussions that traditional distinctions and theories were re-evaluated in new contexts, among which the mechanical approach to natural philosophy is of particular importance. Many philosophers were opposed to what was called ‘scholastic subtlety’, and defended instead very straightforward theories of the will.

Anthropocentrism versus Ecocentrism Revisited: Theoretical Confusions and Practical Conclusions

2013

One of the hardest questions in environmental philosophy is the debate between anthropocentric and ecocentric accounts of value. I argue that a great deal of the disagreement in this debate arises from a) misunderstanding of the concepts used in the debate and b) unfruitful reading of vaguely framed arguments. The conceptual and argumentative analysis of the debate shows that many arguments can be ignored as they either contain conceptual confusion or concern issues that are actually irrelevant to the centrism division. However, there are arguments that maintain their relevance, and these arguments have important consequences on the practical environmental ethics. Hence, contrary to Bryan G…

Rational Psychology and Empirical Psychology in Kant's Lectures

2015

Immanuel Kant was concerned with psychology in his first works as well as in his last ones. But he deals with this theme directly in his lectures on psychology and anthropology of 1770s. Published only in 1821, with the lectures on ontology, cosmology and rational theology as Lectures on Metaphysics (Vorlesungen über Methaphysik), the lectures on psychology constitute an essay of empirical psychology and rational psychology. Even if in the Lectures Kant has not yet elaborated the impossibility to know the soul by the a priori principles, the analysis of this work allows us to understand how he came to deny a scientific value to psychology, as he will show directly in the Critique of Pure Re…

The Imagination in German Idealism and Romanticism

2020

Introduction: Phenomenological approaches to Tove Jansson’s fiction

2018

Sourcebook for the History of the Philosophy of Mind

2014

Introduction.- I Soul as an entity.- 1. The soul and the mind in ancient philosophy (Juha Sihvola and Henrik Lagerlund).- 2. The soul and the mind in medieval and early modern theories (Henrik Lagerlund).- II Sense perception.- 1. Ancient theories (Miira Tuominen).- 2. Medieval theories (Simo Knuuttila & Pekka Karkkainen).- 3. Early modern theories (Tuomo Aho).- III Common sense, fantasy, and estimation.- 1. Common sense and fantasy in ancient philosophy (Miira Tuominen).- 2. Medieval theories of internal senses (Simo Knuuttila & Pekka Karkkainen).- 3. Renaissance theories of internal senses (Lorenzo Casini).- 4. Common sense and fantasy in the seventeenth and eighteenth century Tuomo Aho).…

Recensione a A. Ferrarin, "Galilei e la matematica della natura"

2015

A review of A. Ferrarin's last book about Galilei's relevance for the modern notion of science and methodology, with a particular attention to the issue of imagination as crucial for the develoment of scientific attitude.

Naturalism, Historism, and Phenomenology

2010

According to a generally accepted thesis, science and metaphysics are separate intellectual activities. The thesis is new and not generally accepted in the philosophical systems of Classical Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and the first centuries in the development of the modern philosophy. The thesis presupposes the existence of sciences and their methodologies. Natural sciences in the modern sense exist since the sixteenth century, human sciences since the first half of the nineteenth century, and formal sciences since the end of the nineteenth century. Only the relation between the natural and the human sciences as empirical sciences are of interest for this investigation. Systematic reflect…